Archive for the Now This Is Only My Opinion Category


“I’m in Love With the Villainess” Translation Controversy – What Does it Mean For Readers?

March 19th, 2021

UPDATE: Seven Seas has responded to this issue:

Thank you for bringing this to our attention. Those portions of the text were removed during the editorial process at the time, but we have since changed how we edit these books to make sure important lines are not lost. We’ll be revising the ebook within the next few weeks to add the cut portions back into the book, and the revision will also be reflected in all future printings of the paperback.

Thanks to everyone who wrote them politely.

SECOND UPDATE: Someone on ANN Forums asked a couple of questions about this post. I have clarified those comments on that forum, if you are interested.

THIRD UPDATE: Setting aside editorial choice for the moment – typographic errors are not a personal attack. There are a lot of moving parts in publishing. There’s no rational basis for assuming either that a company cannot be trusted because a typo occurred OR than there was intent. I read three books this week. I found three typos. I wrote one company and privately told them about the typo, in case it can be fixed. One was in a Japanese book – they have typos, too, and the third was not important enough to care about. I have found errors in books for which I know absolutely more than5 pairs of eyes went over the copy. Typos happen. Being angry about them is just not healthy for either you, or fandom.

****

What a day! I woke up this morning ready to face an AMA on reddit as part of a Women’s Month celebration with my publisher (the thread is ongoing, feel free to drop in). I had a review lined up. 

I almost instantly found myself facing links to a thread on the J-Novel Club Forum, about a potential problem with Seven Seas’ I’m in Love With the Villainess, Volume 1. I’m not quoting the thread here, because after some conversation, the OP calmed down a lot, so I don’t want to make it seem like they are still spitting angry. You can click the link if you want specifics.  The thread title is a fanwank, Seven Seas is not in trouble. I am aware there was a recent issue with a translation that they did and human nature being aligned to pattern-recognition, caused some readers to recognize a pattern. (I’m of the belief that you need three things to form a pattern, but that’s me.) So instead of a review, we’re going to talk about this.

To summarize, there is a passage in Volume 1, where Rae speaks about internalized homophobia from LGBTQ representation in Japanese media, and, as a result, overplayed her love for Claire as hyperbolic comedy.  It was a good passage, and the OP was incensed that it had been deleted. Of course, whenever a fan shouts “censorship!” there’s always a mob of people ready to pull out pitchforks and torches.

I’ve written to Seven Seas to see if they would like to have an official, on the record, response to this, but in the meantime I have a few thoughts I want to share. These are in reverse order to their appearance in my responses on that same forum thread, with some thoughts from Twitter interspersed. Before we talk about appropriate responses to this issue, let us understand the issue itself. Since I never read Volumes 1 or 2 in Japanese, I am coming to this the same as you are.

The OP was comparing the Japanese Volume 1 with the English Volume 1. I pointed out that we, the readers cannot truly know where the disconnect was. It may have been Seven Seas who deleted the scene – which frankly makes no sense to me. GL Bunko may also have sent Seven Seas a bowdlerized copy with that scene deleted, as there has been a serious crackdown on Japanese media freedoms and, while it is hard to imagine that the Abe government would care about a US published edition of a web novel-based light novel, maybe someone at GL Bunko thought it sensible to remove the line.

Secondly, we do not know what decisions were made at Sevens Seas or why. The passage seemed to me to clearly be discussing “representation” like Hard Gay, which was hyperbolic and extreme. If one wasn’t familiar with that sort of “comedy” the passage could be misunderstood. It might have been removed to avoid confusion – if indeed it was removed by Seven Seas.

To be clear – I hope this was a fixable mistake. I thought the missing passage made sense and clarified some of Rae’s early choices…and I genuinely enjoy every glimpse we get of Ohashi Rei in the story. But we may never know what happened, because we may never be able to know. Being fans of a series does not grant us access to the contracts. Unless we are involved in making this particular sausage, we might never know what goes into it. 

We may not know why this happened, but there are something that are 100% under our control. We can always control our response to the controversy. Here I am going to quote from my own comment on the thread:

…ascribing any changes to malicious intent is not all right. Of course you are welcome to not read anything they sell, but what good does that do? Then you don’t get to enjoy the rest of these wonderful books. Tantrums are not the way adults handle problems. Hateful rhetoric leads to hateful behavior…we do not want someone taking their frustration to a KyoAni level. We cannot allow that.

Take moment and write Seven Seas a polite, firmly worded email expressing the problem. Ask them to restore deleted passages. If they get enough feedback, they might (probably will) change their position. There’s no guarantee, but there’s a much better chance than if you rant on a forum. When Viz made some decisions that in aggregate seemed very trans- and homophobic, I and a lot of folks wrote them and asked for the decisions to be fixed…and they were. They even fixed an issue that had hurt someone for decades, when their deadname had not been removed from a credit. THAT is how we make change, not harmful rhetoric. We know where that leads.

There is no place in Yuri fandom for hate of any kind.

So I’m asking you all, as another fan of ILV, don’t speak of this as an attack on you or on fandom. It’s a very unhealthy way to think of anything. We don’t need to be angry. We can be disappointed and let Seven Seas know.

Yuri fandom must remain a friendly, welcoming and intelligent place. If I have to physically wrangle individuals back from a ledge, I will. ^_^

Additionally, some well-meaning person tagged the creator on Twitter and dragged them into this mess. Please don’t tag creators when you’re posting about unpleasant stuff. It’s so hard being a creator, it’s a terrible feeling to have someone dump some problem you can’t do anything about in your lap. I hate getting a notification that says, “Hey @OkazuYuri, what do you think about this?” What do I think? I think the person who tagged me is a jerk, frankly. Is it my problem to have an opinion on? Can I do anything about it? Do you do this in real life? Why? Are you 12? “Hey, Jim, what do you think about the argument two other people are having in the bar?” Don’t do this.

Lastly, please consider this:

We can and should approach media critically, not with an angry, entitled attitude.

So, what does this deletion mean for us, fans and readers of I’m in Love With the Villainess? It means, we have the opportunity to show ourselves as the best, most thoughtful, kind and loving fandom. We can write Seven Seas, politely, thank them for their LGBTQ content and express disappointment and concern that some content was left out of Volume 1 and if at all possible, ask if it can be restored in the Kindle version and future printings.

That is what we can – if you feel strongly about it, should – do, whenever you feel that there is an issue.

 





Your Story, Our Story, My Story: When and Why Queer Representation Misses the Mark

January 3rd, 2021

Once upon a time, a long, long, time ago, a few devoted fans of anime sat hunched over their computer keyboards. The sound of the modem was loud and screechy, but it signaled their journey to Usenet, and groups where they could – for many, for the first time in their lives – talk with folks who had similar interests as they did. Among those fans were a small group of folks who were interested in characters who – it seemed to them –  were, androgynous, or butchy or otherwise queer.

Back in those days, when a new character showed up who definitely, probably had a crush on a character of the same sex or even more rarely a couple who were clearly a couple, this group would rejoice! We are represented! They would celebrate with fanfiction, and music videos and art and cosplay and other rituals.

As years passed, we were given more of this; more couples, more characters who represented the things we looked for in media. But the more we got, it seems, the less we’re satisfied. This is true not just with anime, but with every media. Why is it that attempts by media companies at representation now feel so flat and stale when formerly it was so exciting?

 

Your Story

Over the new year holiday I was reading articles about media franchises that were/are not for me, and the reactions of those various audiences….and thinking about how much work we, as fans, put into a franchise to make it our own.

Trans and queer kids read Harry Potter and felt the story about a kid who is othered by his family spoke to them, personally. It makes perfect sense that they did, of course, and their love for the series that validated their existence was fierce. Which made the ongoing betrayal of that fandom by the creator just that much worse. Molly Fischer’s Who Did J.K. Rowling Become? seeded an idea in my head.

Following upon that, I read Andrew Tejada’s Representation Without Transformation: Can Hollywood Stop Changing Cartoon Characters of Color?  and I saw the exact *same* questions being asked. As media does a better job of diversifying stories…why are we more unsatisfied than when we had no representation at all? I thought back to those Usenet days, when a character might appear on screen for one episode and still become a Yuri icon.

Because we had less representation, we were more easily satisfied with what we could get.

The gold area in the target was bigger- merely seeing someone like ourselves on screen or on the page…or even someone whose issues we could slot into our own….was enough to be cause for celebration. A gay character in a movie who wasn’t predatory, murderous or mentally unstable was a triumph. Something that showed a non-straight, non-cisgender person in a positive light – even if they were played by a straight actor, or the portrayal wasn’t perfect – was significant. The bullseye was easy to hit, because so few companies bothered even trying to shoot at the target.

Creative studio CLAMP was given endless amount of queer cred, simply because they had same-sex characters who sometimes touched, or had obvious affection for one another, even if it was often unspoken and invisible. They were not queer creators writing about themselves; they were a creative team giving us a glimpse of how they’d like to see us. We accepted it as how they thought we’d like to be seen. This is Your Story, they said, and we accepted gratefully.

 

Our Story

In 2013, Adachi and Shimamura (安達としまむら) was a light novel series in Japan. The first volume had come out 2012 and by 2013, there were two volumes. I read the first and was unimpressed. Over the years, as the series progressed and picked up fans, my initial review would on occasion receive unsatisfied comments, because I had failed to anticipate how the series would progress over 8 years.  ^_^ In 2013, some Yuri fans in Japan were delighted by this series which contained a reference to the author’s previous work and evolved into a romance.

By 2013, I had already seen Yuri go through a number of shifts and changes. We’d had Aoi Hana / Sweet Blue Flowers, for almost a decade by then. We were in a boom of Yuri, with three manga magazines, a handful of out creators, a lot of queer fans online.  Straight fandom was happy enough with another schoolgirl story, but queer fandom was already asking where were the adults?  Where were the lesbians? Where were the queer people in these queer stories?

We were no longer as satisfied with media crumbs as we had been. When in 2015, Yuri fans got a new gateway Yuri series, Bloom Into You, it had both lesbians AND adults! (This is exactly why I’d like to see more adult role models in teen lit. For a lot of queer teens, seeing one adult who is open, happy and out can make the most extraordinary difference.)

Yuri as a genre had already left girl-meets-girl stories behind, here we were able to see something that looked more like our story. But, even as we got closer, many of us were waiting impatiently for queer Yuri to become more widely available. When folks began to identify with Yuu as aromantic or asexual no one argued that they were wrong. What we said was, “this may be Our story, but it might not be Your story, so don’t be surprised if Yuu ends up not aro or ace.” The odds that the series might miss that mark grew, even as it hit other marks in the gold. Because the targets had become more specific, it became less likely that all of them might be hit.

Because we had more representation, mediocre representation fails to satisfy us.

We wanted more. We wanted what all marginalized groups have wanted – to be represented in our media. If this story is ours, we argue, then we should be involved. Valid criticisms of Disney’s movie Soul argue that they missed opportunities to make the story as authentic as they might have. Intentions aside, some folks felt it was praiseworthy for aiming in the right direction, while many critics saw it as Disney handing out another Your Story. I had a similar reaction to watching Kinky Boots, a story many older straight women had told me they enjoyed. I mostly saw all the old, tired stereotypes. This is “Your Story,” the straight audience was saying. Look, how happy it is!

 

MY Story

Fans aren’t always looking for specific reflection of their selves. Obviously not, as so much of fandom has been built upon media created by and for and, most especially about, people unlike us. We’ve been happy enough following Frodo and Sam and Luke and Han, and Kirk and Spock. It’s just that after decades of that, some of us want stories that make space for people like us.

The closer media comes to representing us, the higher the emotional stakes are for us.

Now, in 2021, when we see media that purports to represent us, we’re looking at, not just who it is for, but who made it, who is in it – who the cooks and servers are, as well as who is at the table. It’s not that we don’t believe that someone outside whatever we define as “us” can’t possibly tell a story well, it’s that we’d really just like to be included when our story is being told as a bare minimum. Without me in my story…is it really my story?

Even worse, if the so-called representation fails to hit the mark, there’s more emotional risk and, in some places, actual physical risk. If a mainstream media shows say, femme lesbians as good and butch lesbians as predatory, that could have serious real-world repercussions. Which is why you saw gay men angry about gay representation in The Prom. It might be their story…but the guy playing it wasn’t them. Worse, it annoyed the hell out of folks who thought an opportunity for a not-tragic gay story was missed.

When the shot comes close to the gold, but fails to hit it, for some folks, it might as well have missed the target altogether. When I watched the trailer for The Happiest Season, I thought, “Well, this may be Our Story, but it’s not My Story.” It’s a story that spent a lot of time in the unfun stereotypical pain of being closeted and very little time in the joy of being in love. I do not in any way object to other people enjoying it – but it’s not for me. At all.

A Yuri story in which no one is gay or there is no recognition of the couple as a same-sex couple from characters around them; where there is no society, they have no friends who are gay or a community…or media…or a functional Internet… feels obviously inauthentic at this point.


Hitting The Gold

For decades, we’ve accepted corporate entities and straight creators telling us “This is Your Story.”

Now, we are even getting Our Story told in a lot of media. And as we get more, sometimes, I might even get My Story and you get Yours. Certainly, in this day and age of crowdfunding and social platforms, there’s nothing at all stopping any one us from telling our own stories exactly the way we want to. And yet, I am still not quite satisfied. ^_^ Today, as I look into the next decade and the next century of Yuri, I plan on pushing myself and the media I consume towards one goal:

I want media that actively models the world I want to see for people who have not yet imagined it.

This is a real limitation of looking for our reflections in media – we’re looking to see who we were, and who we are. I want media that tells both us and those who are not us, who we can become.

When the media we create and the media we consume represents us in a way that expresses and models how we want to be seen and be treated, then we have queer representation that hits the mark.





Where to Watch Yuri in English Online, Free and Legally – 2020

July 21st, 2020

So you want to know where and how to watch Yuri anime free and legally. That’s not a bad thing, but we’re in 2020, a year that has been outrageously written by crazed Albanian monks. The last time we did this round up, in 2017, there were a number of new services and a lot of companies were getting in on anime. Quite a number of previously free services have gone out of business, others have been simply absorbed by not-free services.  That 2017 post remains one of the most popular I’ve ever done, and it’s long past time it gets an update. ^_^

Before we begin, let’s set some ground rules:

My focus is on US-based or accessible services, because while I am dedicated to bringing you good information, my dedication still does not extend to working with proxies or VPNs in every major market to see if these services work in your hometown. Assume there are regional restrictions in place for some or all of these services. But feel free to use proxies or VPNs on your own. ^_^ If you use a regionally legal, free streaming site in a non-US country, by all means, please let folks know in comments!

Today we’re focusing on services that are legitimate and free. To be very honest, there are far fewer of them than there used to be. I will also touch upon a few that are not free, because they allow for extended trial periods and, if you and your friends pitch in, you can enjoy them for a very reasonable amount. And because without them, you’ll miss a lot of Yuri. I will not suggest illicit services and all comments suggesting them will be removed instantly. This is for legal services only.

 All streaming services have shifting catalogs. Video licensing contracts go in and out of use and every single IP holder is always on the lookout for a better deal and major ones are launching their own god-forsaken channels.  In fact, between 2017 and now, Funimation pulled all of it’s IP from other services and went on their own.  Another good reason to update this list periodically. I am checking to make sure things I mention are actually on the service where I mention them. Some of these channels can be accessed on channel-aggregation services like VRV or Hulu or Amazon Prime. I’m not touching any of those. Netflix also has a lot of anime and is both licensing and making more, so if you have a subscription to that, or any of the above, yes, there’s more stuff you can watch legally.

Region-blocks are still an issue, but less than it used to be. Streaming has had an impact on this stupid relic of the 20th century, but it still does exist, and licensing companies do usually not have much say on the issue. With all that in mind, here we go.

 

Crunchyroll

Crunchyroll is pretty much the industry standard now,  with a good chunk of anime from multiple companies, which is it’s main appeal. Crunchyroll is my go-to, because their catalog is one of the most comprehensive, from Aoi Hana/Sweet Blue Flowers to to Yuru Yuri. (There wasn’t a good ‘Z’ title, but come on A to Y isn’t bad! ^_^) They often have simulcasts for subscribers and they are still honest-to-goodness free on a delay. They are partnering with Japanese anime companies directly to create their own content these days, which just means your money goes back into the greater anime ecosystem, which is exactly where you want it.

There’s no “Yuri” tag in search, nor is it listed as a genre (and I sympathize with that and agree as long as BL is likewise not included.)

Rating: A- It’s not an all-in-one place for everything anymore, especially as Sentai and Funimation have chosen other options, but they still have the largest and most varied catalog.

 

Tubi TV

Tubi has – to my genuine surprise – survived a few years now. They’ve still got a mostly random smattering of anime and a lot of it isn’t new or, sometimes, good. They have Valkyrie Drive, but they also have Vampire Princess Miyu.  They’ve also got a few other notable series, like Bubblegum Crisis and .hack/Sign. (This was a decade pre-Sword Art Online massive media franchise about a MMOPRG that didn’t exist.) Their catalog is worth a look, if you’ve got some time to kill and want to watch older, maybe less well-known stuff from before Yuri was its own genre. ^_^

Rating: B It’s worth looking at, but I probably wouldn’t subscribe. Their catalog still seems random, They have Bubblegum Crisis, and AD Police, but not Bubblegum Crash. No idea why.

There is no Yuri tag in search. Their search isn’t really good, generally.

 

RetroCrushTV

RetroCrushTV is new since the last update and I haven’t watched it at all. But is it is genuinely free, ad-supported anime and RetroCrushTV has Bubblegum Crisis and Bubblegum Crash, as well as Project A-ko, which is nuts and you should watch it.  It has Devil Lady dubbed, which I should point out is a thing you ought to note – some of the series are dubbed, others subbed; they do seem to be labeled appropriately.

RetroCrushTV specializes in older stuff, obviously and it has a “random” button which will give you some random title. I found it charming as heck and I will totally use this!

There’s no “Yuri” tag in search. Their search is meh generally.

Rating: A-  I really like the “love for classic everything” that shows through here. For free, it’s an absolute delight.

 

Viz

Viz doesn’t have much Yuri anime, but you can still watch all of Sailor Moon here, for free. While you are there, you can watch all the big Shonen Jump series and read sample chapters of manga for free, or get new chapters as simulpub – this includes Yuri titles like How Do We .Relationship and Tropical Fish Yearns for Snow.

There’s no “Yuri” tag in search. Their search is meh generally.

Rating: B Obviously, they only carry their own titles, but those are some of the biggest titles in the world and they make it pretty damn easy for you to watch and read for free and even get simulpubbed new manga chapters for free.

 

Funimation 

Funimation has Funimation anime exclusively – overwhelmingly I think that is for the birds. But, then, my antipathy towards Funimation’s attempts at streaming go back a decade and at least their website works, even if I think it gets in its own way all the time. Which is actually a huge improvement over previous years of barely functioning nonsense. I will never forgive them for their mobile app zippering open. Gawd.

Funimation offers a free trial and most series have the first few and most recent episodes streaming free so you can watch a whole series as it comes out with, predictably, ads suggesting you subscribe to Funimation’s service. They’ve got recent favorites like If My Favorite Pop Idol Made It to the Budokan, I Would Die and they’ve got Revolutionary Girl Utena, which surprised the heck out of me.

There’s no “Yuri” tag in search.

Ratings: B+ No complaints, honestly. You don’t even have to register anymore to watch stuff for free. And if Funimation’s titles are your jam, it’s competitively priced.

 

HIDIVE

HIDIVE is Sentai Filmworks’ and Section23’s streaming service. Since Sentai historically licenses a lot of Yuri, you’ll be able to see Bloom Into You and Kase-san and Morning Glories here, along with older titles like Flip Flappers and the amazing fantabulous live-action movie Arch Angels (!!! You should all go watch this immediately!!!). They’ve got a pretty amazing selection of queer-friendly and queer-adjacent stuff. I do like that their trial is 30 days long, not a week. They offer subs and dubs pretty clearly labeled.

I don’t much care for the fact that they don’t make at least some of their episodes free, especially as some of their titles are also available on Crunchyroll (just not the ones we want.) It seems a wasted opportunity. (Update, they have pulled their titles from Crunchyroll, so that’s that.)

There’s no “Yuri” tag in search.

Rating: B I hated their fullscreen mode when I was watching anime on their site. Why should I have to exit fullscreen to increase/decrease the volume?!? I remember bitching about it every time. Their search is sort of organized by topic, but I still cannot find what I want easily.

 

2020 Takeaways:

1) Overall, the sites where you can stream Yuri anime are good, they are simple to use and, if you know what you’re looking for, it’s easy enough to find stuff.

2) The search on these sites are crap.  If you’re looking for “Yuri” welcome to 2000, because none of these sites know what you’re talking about. All these services have bleh search, which focus mostly on searching by title. A few attempt genre or topic, but tags are inadequately and inconsistently applied. For instance Crunchyroll has shojo, shonen and seinen, but not josei. Go figure. Hire a librarian, folks. Your taxonomy is terrible, series aren’t tagged appropriately and there are a lot of catalogers out of work right now. Quick, someone build a decent anime search engine taxonomy and sell it to all the streaming sites.  Or, heck, let viewers suggest tags and just have someone clean up the messiness. User-generated taxonomy would at least give viewers a chance.

3) Fullscreen mode is crap. I want a fullscreen mode with a disappearing toolbar that comes back up with mouse movement that includes volume, etc, and a click-start click-stop. It’s shocking how few of these sites have this.

4) Episodes should be free to watch on your site, especially if they are free to watch elsewhere…Sentai. Go ahead, pound us over the head with “subscribe now” ads and make some money on my eyeballs with other advertising.

5) There is no reasonable excuse for fansubs or scanlations at this point and should you encounter anyone who is arguing that the companies in the industry are damaging the industry, quick, block and report them because that is – at best – nonsensical.

6) There is an industry-wide problem of poor pay for folks doing translation, subtitles and all production work. This needs to stop. Fans, pay for services you use and companies…pay people who do the work.

Last, we’re in such an amazing place regarding streaming anime so my last thought for this update is this…

Look how much free stuff you can try out! Watch a different episode 1 every night, hit that “random” button and watch Twilight of the Cockroaches. Sit down and crank through Haikyuu!, finish that series you meant to get to. Find out why I rant endless about how amazing Devilman Lady is.

What are you waiting for?  Go watch a lot of anime!

 

 





Pride For My Queer Otaku Family

June 16th, 2020

I like this one for the feels this series made so many of us feel.

 

When Pride Month 2020 began, I was absolutely, positively sure that we would not be celebrating. I believed, from the very depths of my heart, that this Pride Month, would be about enduring, about protesting, about reminding the world that we were still here, still queer and still shouting about the same exact kind of police violence against black and trans bodies that sparked the Stonewall Uprising. I began this month on Twitter by promoting black otaku voices. I ended up following a whole bunch of amazing writers and made a couple of new otaku friends. It was only one thread, but it has become an entire skein of relationships.

This week, I was reminded that last year I posted a queer manga a day for Pride month. It was a lot of work, but it was such an amazing feeling knowing that there was so much great queer manga out there and so much of it already in English. I had thought about doing that again, but it felt totally wrong in light of the protests across this country. To some extent, these are the same protests, the same protest we have been having since the Women’s Suffrage March, since the Selma to Montgomery, Stonewall, the Women’s March and Occupy Wall Street, even. This is the march of progress, a march of defiance of hatred and violence from the authorities, of toxic masculinity and predatory capitalism. BUT – and this is a big BUT – recent protests are also very specific protests against a specific war being waged specifically on black Americans right now. This is the legacy of the slavery and violence upon which this country was founded. This is the legacy of Jim Crow and the KKK and the Lost Cause Doctrine. And I didn’t feel entirely right about obscuring the protests against police violence and with some frippery.

And then, incredibly, the Supreme Court of the United States, this week, has affirmed employee rights for LGBTQ Americans. And while the gay community has fought hard for this, frippery is also kind of our thing (as it is the otaku thing.) As a queer otaku I thought, fuck it, I’m going to celebrate Pride month somehow.

I thought hard about how I wanted to celebrate my immense pride in my queer otaku family, without stepping on anyone’s neck to do it. And I think I came up with the right way, but first I want to just tell you how proud I am of all of you. Those of you who have come out, and everything it cost you to do that. Those of you who have not and everything that it is costing you to do that. I am very proud of my queer, LGBTQ+, Gender and Sexual Minority otaku family. You are a delightful and fun and funny, you make my fandom full of glitter and joy.

On Twitter I have started a new thread:

So if you are a queer otaku and have a thing you want shared (except for fansubs or scanlations, because please don’t,) jump on that Twitter thread and I will RT and share! If you just want to say ‘hi’ in the comments, that’s fine, but I will ask straight allies to please be mindful that this is a party and today is not the time to talk about you, your allyship or the dismal state of LGBTQ rights elsewhere. We know. We’re working on it and right this second, in the middle of all the stupidest dystopian plots colliding in a maelstrom of hellish news, we’re taking a day off.

So…almost unbelievably, happy Pride month, my beloved queer otakus. I’m so very proud of everything you’ve accomplished. ^_^





Deep Dive into Ghost in the Shell, Visual Media 1995-2020

April 19th, 2020

On April 23, 2020, a new iteration of Ghost in the Shell franchise, Ghost in the Shell, SAC_2045, will launch on Netflix. But that is merely a coincidence in regards to this article. I have wanted to do a massive overview of all of the Ghost in the Shell media for years. In fact, I conceived of this idea back in 2008, when I introduced the film Ghost in the Shell: Innocence at the Brooklyn Museum of Art

Update: I have attempted, and failed in a similar analysis of the manga franchise as of August 2020 in The Future is Always Obsolete: Ghost In the Shell Manga Franchise.

Since we are all home for the duration, I took it upon myself to re-watch all of the Ghost in the Shell visual franchise in the order in which it was created. I chose this path because the nature of the story makes it nearly impossible to create a linear chronology. Instead, what I have found is three separate functional verticals of visual media:

The movies – which are all, ultimately, homage to the first movie. (There are homages to the movies in the TV series as well, but not as concentrated as in the movies.)

The television series Stand-Alone Complex, which is, after watching everything, still the only one I’d recommend to anyone expressing interest in this franchise.

The OVA, then television series, Arise, which significantly rewrites earlier points so is effectively an alternate universe/timeline completely. A 2015 stage play was based on Arise.

Here are my mostly free-form thoughts about the media as I watched it, talked about it on social media and thought out loud about it.  I plan on doing a similar overview for all the manga iterations in a second part. This article presumes you have at least a passing familiarity with the Ghost in the Shell franchise; characters plot(s), etc. If you do not, I recommend the Ghost in the Shell Wikipedia entry for background.

So here we go, a Deep Dive into Ghost in the Shell: Visual Media 1995-2020

 


 

Ghost in the Shell (1995): Directed by Mamoru Oshii, written by Kazunori Itou. Based on Masamune Shirow’s manga, this movie established almost all the key visual elements of this series which will be replayed and reconfigured over and over and over in every subsequent iteration. It also established the franchise belonging to Oshii as much as it did to Shirow. Shirow’s love of technology and its symbiotic connection with human consciousness is meshed with Oshii’s love of philosophical discourse on the nature of humanity, creating a dialogue that will continue to be replayed for the next 25 years.

That said, this movie is the proto-incel movie of the ages, with a constant stream of women’s naked bodies, often violently dis-articulated, mannequins without agency or will, some faffing about the meaning of “humanity,” detailed backgrounds and cool lead characters doing action-y things. It’s basically unwatchably dull if you try and *watch* it.  ^_^

What most fans liked about it are those very key visual elements that will be rehashed endlessly: The opening segment that shows a female cyborg body being built;  Kusanagi jumping off the building functionally naked; Sexaroids attacking clients; Kusanagi ripping her arm pulling open a mecha, and, finally, Kusanagi rendered into an inert torso, talking about procreation and immortality with another entity in a disembodied head. 

Kusanagi talking with Batou about her existence after scuba diving, becomes an important scene. This scene not only comes back later, it births the kernel of the plot for the 2017 live action movie. The Major muses in the original movie about not knowing if there was a “real” Kusanagi Motoko before her; maybe there was an accident and her personality was stolen. This is one of several possible histories given to Kusanagi through various iterations. Most importantly for this article, it is in this scene that Batou states plainly that the Major’s cyborg body does not legally belong to her and if she retired it would revert to the government. I imagine that we are to assume that should she choose this option, she could have her brain transferred to a civilian model, but it is not made explicit. 

Watching this movie now, it becomes clear that a murder mystery, political intrigue and stultifying expressions of selfhood, combined with detailed animation, made a lasting emotional impression on generations of viewers.

 

Ghost in the Shell: Standalone Complex, First Gig (2002-2003): Directed and Written by Kamiyama Kenji.

For this first time away from Oshii’s shadow, the characters feel more like the characters from the original manga, with in-jokes, personal lives, senses of humor. That they busted each other was part of what we love about the original manga. There was very little humor in the movie. Here, everyone teases Batou, even the Tachikoma. 

The plot is pleasantly outside the same old set up of the original’s obsession with self. A little less fetishizing of the female body, but not much. There’s more time to make the characters feel human, and to deal with the life parts of their lives.

The Tachikoma lighten the mood – then darken it. They get the “am I real” conversations and their evolution from machines to “people” in real time is devastating. It’s like watching pets age from babies to dying of old age in 26 episodes.

The story is good, and for the first time, the story and the technology appear to be linked inextricably, instead of the plot being a murder mystery with technology. 

 

Ghost in the Shell: Standalone Complex, 2nd Gig (2004-2005): Directed and written by Kamiyama Kenji.

I remembered  2nd Gig as being my favorite, but now that I have re-watched it, I remember why. Everyone has personality; the Major has some backstory, Paz, Bohma and Saito actually get lines*, the Tachikoma are the humanest of them all. All the “what does it meant to be a human?” is actually tied into a plot and not just random waste-of-animation musing, like it will be/was in Innocence.

This series is the closest to an ensemble cast we’ve seen up to this point. The story is  convoluted and shows signs of using random quotes from obscure authors as a plot point, a McGuffin and pointless waste of time all at once…. a narrative element that stuffs Innocence to impossible density. This series proposes another possible history for Kusanagi’s backstory.

Because Kuze exhorts Kusanagi to leave her physical body due to it’s limitations – one of which is that it does not belong to her – I feel that this is the closest thing to a lead-in Innocence has. Perhaps Kuze’s appeal in SAC:2nd Gig resonates with Kusanagi in a way that the Puppet Master’s did not because she feels an affinity for Kuze, which we’ll touch on later when we talk about her history

Animation is generally good in SAC, backgrounds don’t get that crazy detail they get in the movies, but the people fare better overall.

If anyone is asking me, at this point, Stand Alone Complex is by far and away the best iteration. It has enough of the things you vaguely remember from the movie, and enough of the best bits of the manga characters that it’s approachable and fun and *human*. This series ends where the manga begins, which is another nice tie-in.

I enjoy the music from this series the most, as well. Both OPs are excellent and are the only music from this series I have in my collection.

*Imagine being cast as Paz and telling your mother. “Hey Mom! I got cast in one of the most famous series in the world! No, no lines but sometimes I get to say “Roger.”

 

Ghost in the Shell 2: Innocence, (2004) Directed and written by Mamoru Oshii. I absolutely love this movie, but am well aware that it is densely packed with obscure references rather than having a plot, and, while extremely beautiful, not really a “fun” movie at all. The title is slightly confusing, too, as Ghost in the Shell 2.0 was the 2008 remake.

Innocence: Look at this multi-million dollar animated scene of a detailed Gothic structure at ridiculously high resolution and detail!

Also Innocence: Let’s use our massive animation budget to show the same scene of two guys not moving…three times.

There is a nod in the opening to being chronologically after SAC 2nd Gig, but not specifically in the same timeline. Innocence still insists that the Major did not own her body; this was part of the drive for the Major to upload herself into the net, before Innocence begins. 

Innocence is a series of visual callbacks to the original movie, and is almost wholly divorced from the manga. Indeed, it is wholly divorced from Kusanagi at all.  So, while the usual visual relics aren’t in this movie, we get a lot of the background events reworked. The floats parading through the streets is breathtakingly beautiful…and the music throughout is obviously a nod to the original movie.  At hi-res, the CGI in Innocence is outstanding. The animation is almost uncanny valley in places. I probably watched this movie on my home screen in higher resolution than I saw it in the theater the first time. ^_^ This deserves the highest resolution possible, just to take in the excruciating visual detail.

The bulk of the series is a giant game of “guess the reference.” Quotes and visual cues clog up the dialog to the point of making it all but impossible to follow the story. The joke I always share is that when I saw this movie in the theater, when I watched the credits I shouted “Bellmer!” (because, although I recognized the gynoids instantly, I could not remember his name,) and woke all the people around me up. ^_^

Hans Bellmer’s designs for the gynoids befuddled me, but then…I’d forgotten Japanese jointed dolls, which they kind of, sort of resemble. Not *so* odd, I guess. But still unappealing from my perspective. Bellmer was a misogynist fuckhead among other sexual dysfunctions. The idea of using his not-even-slightly-idealized female forms for sexaroids is strange, but in a sense I think it’s another version of the grotesquery/female torso obsession Oshii plays with in his iterations of this franchise. 

There’s a hint of grappling with mortality and morality but in the end, the Major – who is never really there at all – is the one who makes the point. And Batou fails to be a good person, which is a shame, but is a shout out to the manga.

As a coda, 2501 seems the *least* secure code you could pick, Batou. /facepalm/

 

Ghost in the Shell Stand Alone Complex Solid State Society (2006) Directed by Kamiyama Kenji, written by Kamiyama Kenji, Suga Shotaro, Sakurai Yoshiki. As far as I know, this was my first time watching this iteration, but it seemed very familiar. Not sure if that’s because it’s basically the same kind of thing, I had seen it before, or something else.

I initially placed it between SAC 2nd Gig and Innocence, but it could just have easily come after Innocence, if Batou had managed to make it through his mid-career crisis. In any case this was another very-good ensemble piece – maybe the best for all the Section 9 characters overall, with more lines for everyone.

Amazing animation at the beginning, it settles down, but is generally very good.

I really liked that we finally see the Major using her consciousness in multiple different bodies. That’s a feature of the manga I really liked and felt that it would have been awesome – and sensible- in an anime, but was rarely used.

The music being so different from the rest of the series sets it apart in a kind of a pocket universe in which the Puppeteer makes a comeback.  This was more of an OVA for the SAC series than a “movie”. Kamiyama Kenji gets my vote for writing any further Ghost in the Shell content. He really *gets* the things that can make this an interesting setup, then uses them and doesn’t get bogged down too much in philosophical discourse.

 

Ghost in the Shell 2.0 (2008): This remake of the 1995 movie is the same, with a few small changes. CGI is inserted in key scenes, including the opening, and much of the mecha is rendered in CGI. I remember clearly that this spliced nicely into the “get your CGI out of my anime!” wars. ^_^

There is, however, one important change.

In the final scene of the original movie, the Puppet Master is voiced by a man. In Japanese, the role was played by Kayumi Iemasa, and in English it was Tom Wyner. In 2.0, while in English the same audio track was used, in Japanese, the Puppet Master was now voiced by Sakakibara Yoshiko. Giving a woman’s voice to a non corporeal entity obsessing about procreation and immortality radically altered the feel of the scene.

In both iterations of this movie, the backgrounds are detailed and painstakingly animated. It’s easy to see why the movie was hailed as a masterwork of its time. But time moves on and here, it all looks a little worn.

 

Ghost in the Shell: Arise (2015 – 2016) Directed by Kise Kazuchika, Written by Ubukata Tow. Arise is annoying. There I said it. Not only does it retcon what little we know about the major, but every single voice is different. Feels like an AU, rather than canon, which is a weird choice for a 20th anniversary.

But, let’s talk about that retcon: How many times has it been mentioned that the Major’s body is not her own? Well, now it is. And it is, before Section 9 is formed, so all those meaningful conversations about her existence and her body are all now moot. What a strange choice, to overwrite a core concept that is one of the few enduring “facts” we have.

Also, if the Major’s body is cyborg, why does she wear underwear? She doesn’t need anything to catch bodily fluids, or stop chafing or provide support or anything people wear underwear for. Creepy, boring fetishes are creepy and boring. (see: Sex and Sexuality).

Oh wow, Kusanagi’s mentor is the bad guy. I was so surprised. That wasn’t completely predictable from the first second we saw her in her low-cut uniform blouse and non-regulation hair. 

The story doesn’t make a lot of sense within itself. As a kind of alternate universe fanfic of how the Major’s group was formed, it’s a lot of glitz, without the kind of storytelling I look for in Ghost in the Shell…like someone who sort of got it did the writing…and in, fact, felt like Ubukata Tow through and through. Using different voices for everyone definitely made it feel even more AU. This series is the weakest link in the franchise in every way. Character designs are uninspired, and the fact that it borrows so much from the original movie feels less like an homage here than a lack of originality. Before the original movie, all of it had already happened?  Okay.

 

攻殻機動隊ARISE:GHOST is ALIVE Stage Play (2015): This is a stage version of Arise. I did not expect the dancing. In retrospect I should have. 

 

Ghost in the Shell  (2017): Directed by Rupert Sanders, written by Jamie Moss, William Wheeler, Ehren Kruger. The main problem with the live-action Ghost in the Shell is not that it’s “bad,” its that it is a pretty fair retelling of the first movie with a made-by-Hollywood plot inserted and Hollywood whitewashing, which made Oshii and Shirow happy, but pissed off everyone else. 

Let’s set aside the choice of actress for just a moment. That’s a main point, but IF the live-action had been a perfect retelling of the original, with a Japanese actress, people would still have not liked it, because it was *never* the story (which was barely there in the original) that people remembered. It was the emotional impact…and a series that is 20+ years old, that has used those same visual references over and over, cannot ever recapture that initial emotional impact.

Most of the visuals are homage to the original movie: Idealized “build a body” and same not-quite nudity. Similar music, heavy drums, women singing.  False memories. Boat scene. Arm rip. Togusa’s got bad hair. Batou’s got dogs. Optical camo was handled well. The jump, murderous servobots, scene in her room by a window, garbage guys…all homage. The end theme is literally the opening of the original. Laying next to puppeteer/Kuze, air strike…it’s all there. And despite that, the problem is not that this movie lacked nuance – it actually added in nuance. It gave the Major a definitive backstory. Oulete is not Haraway, she actually cares. Major finds out who she was and gets an actual history.

There were some changes of course. “Major” is treated like a name, not a rank. She’s given a new name, Mira Killian and Section 9 isn’t a government department, she’s a corporate tool for an evil corporation. Those are changes that did need to be made for the actress to work. Overall they actually wrote a halfway decent story with some extremely stupid points. For instance, how did I forget that “Initiate the hack.” is a line in this movie? It’s so memorable. Also, “I’m trying, but she’s being hacked!” Scenes from the original are taken out of the context of the original, so the garbage guys scene isn’t as full of pathos. As the garbage guy is screaming “2571!,”  not 2501,  all I could think was now Batou can get a new code for his front door. (Haha GitS continuity jokes.)

Of all the visuals that were supposed to feel futuristic, the one that totally didn’t work were the giant floating faces all over the city as adverts. None of them had logos. What were they for? We’ll never know. That’s not how advertising works.

So, now, we can talk about the actress. Scarlet Johansson is not, IMHO, a good actress. She is bland looking and an indifferent actress. Her primary appeal is to be blandly attractive so an assumed-male audience can not care about the female characters she plays while they stay sexually attracted to her. To Shirow and Oshii, getting a top-name Hollywood actress to play “Major” would have been a triumph. HOLLYWOOD! ScarJo! It’s just that we all thought it was a terrible idea. So instead of writing a story about Kusanagi Motoko, they wrote a story around “why this Japanese character is white now” which was a less-optimal, more-insulting use of the audience’s time.

To make this movie excellent all they needed to do was bring back her manga-version body hopping and hire non-white actresses to play her, too. If there had been a single scene in which she networked with several other iterations of herself – played, ideally, by top name actresses from other parts of the world – they would have created a way to make their use of Johansson less annoying, while nodding to the original manga.  To make it brilliant it needed very few changes: One scene, with Major interfacing with these other selves. Especially if they played up the idea that she’s a networked entity, that’s all it might have taken.  But…they didn’t and it left fans of the franchise thinking they Hollywood is a bunch of imaginationless twits.

Oh well.

 

Possible histories for Kusanagi

Through the series, we’ve been given several alternate stories for Major Kusanagi Motoko.

Movie: She has no idea if she was ever a person. Maybe there was an accident and her personality was stolen. Batou and Kusanagi talk about how her body belongs to the government

SAC 2nd:  She was cyborgized very young, and it’s implied that if she and Kuze are not the actual boy and girl in the story told to her by the curiosity shop owner, their individual stories are similar. Hence her sympathy and affinity for Kuze at the end of 2nd Gig in a way that the Puppet Master never evinced.

Arise: Retcons the first movie, when she wins ownership of her body and a trust fund to pay for it before her team is official. Furthermore, in Arise, we’re told she was cyborgized young, and raised by a scientist, but that history is erased as the series goes on, so in the end, we still don’t know what her history is.

Live-Action movie: Takes that throwaway line about an accident from the first movie and builds a history around it. She was Kusanagi Motoko, her death was pointless. Hanka robotics takes the brain, puts it into a fully cyborg body and trains it to be an enforcer.

And this doesn’t even touch on the body of manga, so expect a few more backstories there.

 

Sex and Sexuality

Kusanagi’s “sexiness” is a constant in the franchise, but it’s realized differently by different directors. Shirow and Kamiyama have an ass fetish, Kise liked tits, Oshii likes torsos without limbs, all of them like female bodies fakely naked or clothed in underwear. We know this because they did this over and over. And over.  Every director’s specific fetish is just as obvious as all the others’. Isn’t that tiresome?

Kusanagi’s clothes are horrible, fetishy weird things throughout. The designers ought to be scolded. They make me chafe looking at them. Body suits suck. Flesh-toned bodysuits are ridiculous. If she’s a cyborg she won’t care that she’s naked. None of her clothes make any sense beyond the titillation of people with limited sexual imagination.

But what is interesting is that just as surely as she is “sexy,”, we learn her sexuality – if that’s even applicable in a networked cyborg. Although she is always shown as female – and she and Batou discuss that in SAC – what does sexuality even mean when gender and sex can be as fluid as the buyer wishes? So I’m choosing to call it pansexuality, rather than bisexuality because we never really know anything about her or her partners ultimately. Shirow has her as a pansexual.  Kenji Kamiyama keeps that in SAC. And once again in the live action, we get a brief glimpse (although weirdly that’s been cut for the Amazon Prime release?) of the same. 


Final Random Thoughts

Let’s just take a second and talk about a couple of those emotionally impactful scenes that we’ve all come to know and expect. Some of them make no sense. ^_^

We know Kusanagi’s extremely heavy cyborg body can be damaged, so in what universe does it make sense for her to leap off a building? She’s not flying, she’s falling. She’s hurtling herself downwards like a boulder. Her body and the building she crashes in to should be wreckage.

But the one thing I want to rant about is the, IMHO, extremely bizarre scene in every iteration where Kusanagi rips her arm opening a mecha’s access port.  Isn’t it obvious that she’d ask to have that arm significantly reinforced after the first time? I just cannot with that scene. 

 

Ghost in the Shell: SAC_2045 So here we are in 2020, waiting for a new series. Which Kusanagi Motoko will we get?

The good news is that the news series is once again directed by Kamiyama Kenji and Aramaki Shinji.

Which is why I predict that SAC_2045 will be to SAC what the movies all are to the original – an homage, using something similar to SAC 2nd Gig‘s plot done with CGI…because technology changes more than story in the technological world of Ghost in the Shell.

But, with Kamiyama at the helm, I’m hoping we’ll get a new story, something that will make us all love Section 9 all over again.